Discovery of Medieval Gravestones Reveals Secrets of 800-Year-Old Shipwreck

Divers have unearthed eerie medieval gravestones from the wreckage of a centuries-old shipwreck, shedding light on an intriguing chapter of maritime history. Researchers believe the meticulously carved slabs were intended for high-ranking members of the clergy and provide valuable insights into the shipbuilding and stonemasonry practices of the 13th century.

In the depths of Studland Bay, off the coast of Dorset, England, British archaeologists have made a remarkable discovery: medieval gravestones that have rested undisturbed at the bottom of the English Channel for eight centuries. The slabs, made from Purbeck marble, were found among the cargo of England's oldest known historic shipwreck, which sank during the reign of King Henry III in the 13th century.

The discovery, announced by Bournemouth University, has captivated archaeologists and historians alike. The gravestones, immaculately preserved despite their time spent submerged, bear intricate carvings of Christian crosses popular during that era. Researchers believe they were intended as coffin lids or crypt monuments for high-status individuals within the clergy.

Maritime archaeologists spent over two hours carefully retrieving the stones from the seabed, which were surprisingly heavy, weighing approximately 154 pounds and 440 pounds, respectively. The team's painstaking efforts were rewarded with the successful retrieval of two slabs, one measuring 1.5 meters and the other a combined 2 meters in length.

Archaeologist Tom Cousins, who led the study, noted that the type of stone used for the slabs, Purbeck marble, has also been found in notable historical structures such as Westminster Abbey, Canterbury Cathedral, and Salisbury Cathedral. This discovery suggests that the region of Corfe Castle, where Purbeck marble was quarried, played a significant role in the stoneworking industry during that period.

"The wreck went down in the height of the Purbeck stone industry, and the grave slabs we have here were a very popular monument for bishops and archbishops across all the cathedrals and monasteries in England at the time," Cousins explained.

While the Mortar Wreck, the site of the shipwreck, was initially discovered in 1982, it was only recently that its historical significance was fully realized. The site's initial designation as an "obstruction" on the seabed belied the hidden treasures that lay beneath the sand.

The discovery of the gravestones is expected to provide valuable insights into the life and maritime practices of the 13th century. Researchers will continue to desalinate and conserve the artifacts before they are exhibited to the public next year.

The ongoing recovery of artifacts, including mortars and grave slabs, from the Mortar Wreck will further enhance our understanding of medieval stonemasonry and shipbuilding techniques. The discovery of these meticulously carved gravestones not only unveils a glimpse into the past but also serves as a reminder of the rich and often-hidden stories that lie beneath our waters.