Garrett Morgan: The Inventor Who Changed the World

Garrett A. Morgan (1877-1963) was a prolific inventor who made significant contributions to society, including inventing the three-way traffic signal and an early gas mask.

Born in Paris, Kentucky, in 1877, Morgan was the son of former slaves. He moved to Cleveland around 1895 and found work in the garment industry. Demonstrating his mechanical aptitude, Morgan invented a zigzag stitch pattern for sewing machines. He later started his own sewing store and hair products company.

Garrett Morgan: The Inventor Who Changed the World

Morgan's inventive spirit was fueled by a desire to solve problems and improve safety. After witnessing the deadly Triangle Shirtwaist fire in 1911, he developed a "breathing device" or gas mask to assist rescue workers in toxic environments. He patented the device in 1914.

In 1916, tragedy struck when an explosion occurred at the Lake Erie crib, an offshore base for tunnel workers. Donning his gas masks, Morgan and his brother Frank descended into the smoke-filled tunnel and rescued two survivors and four bodies. Despite his heroism, Morgan's contributions were ignored due to racial prejudice.

Garrett Morgan: The Inventor Who Changed the World

Another accident, this time at a Cleveland intersection, inspired Morgan to invent a three-stage traffic signal with a "warning" position. Recognizing its potential as a safety device, he patented it in 1923. Morgan's traffic signal is now used worldwide to enhance traffic safety.

Morgan's inventions had a profound impact on society, yet his recognition was delayed due to racial discrimination. He was inducted into the National Inventors Hall of Fame in 2005, and several schools and institutions bear his name. His contributions are now being recognized and celebrated for their ingenuity and transformative power.

Garrett Morgan: The Inventor Who Changed the World

In addition to his major inventions, Morgan also patented various other devices, including a hair straightening comb, a pocket inhaler, and a traffic light synchronization system. His innovative spirit extended to multiple fields, making him a true visionary.

Morgan was active in civic affairs, championing African-American success. He helped found several organizations and purchased land for the Wakeman Country Club, a welcoming space for Black Americans. Morgan's interracial marriage to Mary, whose parents immigrated from Bohemia, highlighted his progressive views.

Garrett Morgan: The Inventor Who Changed the World

Garrett Morgan's inventions have left a lasting impact on the world, enhancing safety and revolutionizing traffic management. His story is an inspiration to inventors, entrepreneurs, and anyone striving to make a positive difference. Morgan's legacy reminds us that innovation can stem from a desire to solve societal problems and that true progress is hindered by prejudice and inequality.